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A polynomial equation whose roots all have negative real parts. For a real quadratic equation z^2+Bz+C=0, the stability conditions are B,C>0. For a real cubic equation ...

A function composed of a set of equally spaced jumps of equal length, such as the ceiling function f(x)=[x], floor function f(x)=|_x_|, or nearest integer function f(x)=[x].

A space which is isomorphic to a Borel subset B of a Polish space equipped with its sigma-algebra of Borel sets.

Defined for samples x_i, i=1, ..., N by alpha_r=1/Nsum_(i=1)^Nz_i^r=(mu_r)/(sigma^r), (1) where z_i=(x_i-x^_)/(s_x). (2) The first few are alpha_1 = 0 (3) alpha_2 = 1 (4) ...

sum_(k=-infty)^infty(a; m-k)(b; n-k)(a+b+k; k)=(a+n; m)(b+m; n).

Let A and B be two *-algebras. An algebraic homomorphism phi:A->B is called *-homomorphism if it satisfies phi(a^*)=phi(a)^* for each a in A.

A subset X of R^n is star convex if there exists an x_0 in X such that the line segment from x_0 to any point in X is contained in X. A star-shaped figure is star convex but ...

Given a point set P={x_n}_(n=0)^(N-1) in the s-dimensional unit cube I=[0,1)^s, the star discrepancy is defined as D_N^*(P)=sup_(J in Upsilon^*)D(J,P), (1) where the local ...

A fractal composed of repeated copies of a pentagram or other polygon. The above figure shows a generalization to different offsets from the center.

Let A be a C^*-algebra, then a state is a positive linear functional on A of norm 1.