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An additive function is an arithmetic function such that whenever positive integers a and b are relatively prime, f(ab)=f(a)+f(b). An example of an additive function is ...

Let p run over all distinct primitive ordered periodic geodesics, and let tau(p) denote the positive length of p, then the Selberg zeta function is defined as ...

The triangle function is the function Lambda(x) = {0 |x|>=1; 1-|x| |x|<1 (1) = Pi(x)*Pi(x) (2) = Pi(x)*H(x+1/2)-Pi(x)*H(x-1/2), (3) where Pi(x) is the rectangle function, ...

The hazard function (also known as the failure rate, hazard rate, or force of mortality) h(x) is the ratio of the probability density function P(x) to the survival function ...

The most general form of "an" exponential function is a power-law function of the form f(x)=ab^(cx+d), (1) where a, c, and d are real numbers, b is a positive real number, ...

The Ackermann function is the simplest example of a well-defined total function which is computable but not primitive recursive, providing a counterexample to the belief in ...

The rectangle function Pi(x) is a function that is 0 outside the interval [-1/2,1/2] and unity inside it. It is also called the gate function, pulse function, or window ...

The survival function describes the probability that a variate X takes on a value greater than a number x (Evans et al. 2000, p. 6). The survival function is therefore ...

The (complete) gamma function Gamma(n) is defined to be an extension of the factorial to complex and real number arguments. It is related to the factorial by Gamma(n)=(n-1)!, ...

Given a subset A of a larger set, the characteristic function chi_A, sometimes also called the indicator function, is the function defined to be identically one on A, and is ...