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Two mathematical objects are said to be homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. For example, the real line is homotopic to a single point, as is any ...

A property of a space which is also true of each of its subspaces. Being "first-countable" is hereditary, but having a given genus is not.

An integral of motion which restricts the phase space available to a dynamical system.

The problem of deciding if two knots in three-space are equivalent such that one can be continuously deformed into another.

A mathematical structure (e.g., a group, vector space, or smooth manifold) in a category.

One of the eight regions of space defined by the eight possible combinations of signs (+/-,+/-,+/-) for x, y, and z.

The unit of solid angle. The solid angle corresponding to all of space being subtended is 4pi steradians.

A measure which takes values in the complex numbers. The set of complex measures on a measure space X forms a vector space. Note that this is not the case for the more common ...

Let K be a T2-topological space and let F be the space of all bounded complex-valued continuous functions defined on K. The supremum norm is the norm defined on F by ...

A W^*-algebra is a C-*-algebra A for which there is a Banach space A_* such that its dual is A. Then the space A_* is uniquely defined and is called the pre-dual of A. Every ...