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There are two identities known as Catalan's identity. The first is F_n^2-F_(n+r)F_(n-r)=(-1)^(n-r)F_r^2, where F_n is a Fibonacci number. Letting r=1 gives Cassini's ...

A map f between topological spaces that maps closed sets to closed sets. If f is bijective, then f is closed <==>f is open <==>f^(-1) is continuous, where f^(-1) denotes the ...

A hypergeometric function in which one parameter changes by +1 or -1 is said to be contiguous. There are 26 functions contiguous to _2F_1(a,b;c;x) taking one pair at a time. ...

Two matrices A and B are equal to each other, written A=B, if they have the same dimensions m×n and the same elements a_(ij)=b_(ij) for i=1, ..., n and j=1, ..., m. ...

The graph complement of a graph hole. Graph antiholes are called even if they have an even number of vertices and odd if they have an odd number of vertices (Chvátal). No odd ...

If 0<p<infty, then the Hardy space H^p(D) is the class of functions holomorphic on the disk D and satisfying the growth condition ...

The Machin-like formula 1/4pi=2cot^(-1)(2)-cot^(-1)(7). The other 2-term Machin-like formulas are Euler's Machin-like formula, Hutton's formula, and Machin's formula.

The Machin-like formula 1/4pi=2cot^(-1)(3)+cot^(-1)(7). The other two-term Machin-like formulas are Euler's Machin-like formula, Hermann's formula, and Machin's formula.

Let i_k(G) be the number of irredundant sets of size k in a graph G, then the irredundance polynomial R_G(x) of G in the variable x is defined as ...

Two curves phi and psi satisfying phi+psi=0 are said to be linearly dependent. Similarly, n curves phi_i, i=1, ..., n are said to be linearly dependent if sum_(i=1)^nphi_i=0.