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A singular point such that every neighborhood of the point intersects itself. Pinch points are also called Whitney singularities or branch points.

Every bounded operator T acting on a Hilbert space H has a decomposition T=U|T|, where |T|=(T^*T)^(1/2) and U is a partial isometry. This decomposition is called polar ...

A point at which three or more polyhedron edges of a polyhedron meet. The concept can also be generalized to a polytope.

The equivalence of manifolds under continuous deformation within the embedding space. Knots of opposite chirality have ambient isotopy, but not regular isotopy.

A set of integers that give the orders of the blocks in a Jordan canonical form, with those integers corresponding to submatrices containing the same latent root bracketed ...

The semiminor axis (also called the minor semi-axis, minor semiaxis, or minor radius) of an ellipse (or related figure) is half its extent along the shorter of the two ...

An algebraic curve of degree six. Examples include the astroid, atriphtaloid, Cayley's sextic, cornoid, cycloid of Ceva, dumbbell curve, ellipse evolute, epicycloid, Freeth's ...

The structure constant is defined as iepsilon_(ijk), where epsilon_(ijk) is the permutation symbol. The structure constant forms the starting point for the development of Lie ...

Let sigma_0(n) and sigma_1(n) denote the number and sum of the divisors of n, respectively (i.e., the zeroth- and first-order divisor functions). A number n is called sublime ...

Summation by parts for discrete variables is the equivalent of integration by parts for continuous variables Delta^(-1)[v(x)Deltau(x)]=u(x)v(x)-Delta^(-1)[Eu(x)Deltav(x)], ...