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The difference between the sum of the angles A, B, and C of a spherical triangle and pi radians (180 degrees), E=A+B+C-pi. The notation Delta is sometimes used for spherical ...

A standard basis, also called a natural basis, is a special orthonormal vector basis in which each basis vector has a single nonzero entry with value 1. In n-dimensional ...

For what value of x is f(x)=x^(1/x) a maximum? The maximum occurs at x=e, where f^'(x)=x^(-2+1/x)(1-lnx)=0, (1) which is zero at x=e and gives a maximum of ...

The survival function describes the probability that a variate X takes on a value greater than a number x (Evans et al. 2000, p. 6). The survival function is therefore ...

Taniguchi's constant is defined as C_(Taniguchi) = product_(p)[1-3/(p^3)+2/(p^4)+1/(p^5)-1/(p^6)] (1) = 0.6782344... (2) (OEIS A175639), where the product is over the primes ...

A piecewise linear, one-dimensional map on the interval [0,1] exhibiting chaotic dynamics and given by x_(n+1)=mu(1-2|x_n-1/2|). (1) The first few iterations of (1) give x_1 ...

Let Omega be a bounded open set in R^d whose boundary partialOmega is at least C^1 smooth and let T:C_c^1(Omega^_)->L^p(partialOmega) (1) be a linear operator defined by ...

Let f:R×R->R be a one-parameter family of C^2 maps satisfying f(0,mu)=0 (1) [(partialf)/(partialx)]_(mu=0,x=0)=0 (2) [(partial^2f)/(partialxpartialmu)]_(0,0)>0 (3) ...

The total power of a triangle is defined by P=1/2(a_1^2+a_2^2+a_3^2), (1) where a_i are the side lengths, and the "partial power" is defined by p_1=1/2(a_2^2+a_3^2-a_1^2). ...

Consider the problem of comparing two real numbers x and y based on their continued fraction representations. Then the mean number of iterations needed to determine if x<y or ...