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The statistical index P_(ME)=(sump_n(q_0+q_n))/(sum(v_0+v_n)), where p_n is the price per unit in period n, q_n is the quantity produced in period n, and v_n=p_nq_n is the ...

Matrix decomposition refers to the transformation of a given matrix (often assumed to be a square matrix) into a given canonical form.

The rank of a matrix or a linear transformation is the dimension of the image of the matrix or the linear transformation, corresponding to the number of linearly independent ...

When a closed interval [a,b] is partitioned by points a<x_1<x_2<...<x_(n-1)<b, the lengths of the resulting intervals between the points are denoted Deltax_1, Deltax_2, ..., ...

The minimum excluded value. The mex of a set S of nonnegative integers is the least nonnegative integer not in the set.

A sequence defined from a finite sequence a_0, a_1, ..., a_n by defining a_(n+1)=mex_(i)(a_i+a_(n-i)), where mex is the mex (minimum excluded value).

A pile of counters in a game of nim. The nim-heap illustrated above corresponds to the game of Marienbad.

The kth percentile P_k is that value of x, say x_k, which corresponds to a cumulative frequency of Nk/100, where N is the sample size.

There is a one-to-one correspondence between the sets of equivalent correspondences (not of value 0) on an irreducible curve of curve genus p, and the rational collineations ...

A pair of dice which have the same odds for throwing every number as a normal pair of 6-sided dice. They are the only such alternate arrangement if face values are required ...