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The factorization of a number into its constituent primes, also called prime decomposition. Given a positive integer n>=2, the prime factorization is written ...

Given a vector space V, its projectivization P(V), sometimes written P(V-0), is the set of equivalence classes x∼lambdax for any lambda!=0 in V-0. For example, complex ...

A scalar which reverses sign under inversion is called a pseudoscalar. For example, the scalar triple product A·(BxC) is a pseudoscalar since A·(BxC)=-[-A·((-B)x(-C))].

A Pythagorean triangle is a right triangle with integer side lengths (i.e., whose side lengths (a,b,c) form a Pythagorean triple). A Pythagorean triangle with GCD(a,b,c)=1 is ...

A quadrilateral tiling is a tiling of the plane by identical quadrilaterals. Any nonself-intersecting quadrilateral (Wells 1991, p. 208) tiles the plane, as illustrated above.

In the classical quasithin case of the quasithin theorem, if a group G does not have a "strongly embedded" subgroup, then G is a group of Lie-type in characteristic 2 of Lie ...

The formulas j_n(z) = z^n(-1/zd/(dz))^n(sinz)/z (1) y_n(z) = -z^n(-1/zd/(dz))^n(cosz)/z (2) for n=0, 1, 2, ..., where j_n(z) is a spherical Bessel function of the first kind ...

A reflex angle is an angle of more than 180 degrees. A full angle is therefore a reflex angle, while acute, obtuse, right, and straight angles are not.

A ringoid is a set R with two binary operators, conventionally denoted addition (+) and multiplication (×), where × distributes over + left and right: a(b+c)=ab+ac and ...

A function f(x_1,...,x_n) of one or more variables whose range is one-dimensional, as compared to a vector function, whose range is three-dimensional (or, in general, ...