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You buy 100 pounds of potatoes and are told that they are 99% water. After leaving them outside, you discover that they are now 98% water. The weight of the dehydrated ...

The algebra A is called a pre-C^*-algebra if it satisfies all conditions to be a C^*-algebra except that its norm need not be complete.

The problem of forecasting future values X_(t+tau) (tau>0) of a weakly stationary process {X_t} from the known values X_s (s<=t).

The present value v_n of a single payment made at n periods in the future is v_n=p/((1+r)^n), (1) where n is the number of periods until payment, p is the payment amount, and ...

A primary ideal is an ideal I such that if ab in I, then either a in I or b^m in I for some m>0. Prime ideals are always primary. A primary decomposition expresses any ideal ...

Find two numbers such that x^2=y^2 (mod n). If you know the greatest common divisor of n and x-y, there exists a high probability of determining a prime factor. Taking small ...

The prime subfield of a field F is the subfield of F generated by the multiplicative identity 1_F of F. It is isomorphic to either Q (if the field characteristic is 0), or ...

A polytope in n-dimensional Euclidean space R^n whose vertices are integer lattice points but which does not contain any other lattice points in its interior or on its ...

Let D be a subset of the nonnegative integers Z^* with the properties that (1) the integer 0 is in D and (2) any time that the interval [0,n] is contained in D, one can show ...

A probabilistic experiment is an occurrence such as the tossing of a coin, rolling of a die, etc. in which the complexity of the underlying system leads to an outcome that ...