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A ringoid is a set R with two binary operators, conventionally denoted addition (+) and multiplication (×), where × distributes over + left and right: a(b+c)=ab+ac and ...

A function f(x_1,...,x_n) of one or more variables whose range is one-dimensional, as compared to a vector function, whose range is three-dimensional (or, in general, ...

A conservative vector field (for which the curl del xF=0) may be assigned a scalar potential where int_CF·ds is a line integral.

Any motion of a rigid body in space at every instant is a screw motion. This theorem was proved by Mozzi and Cauchy.

A topological space is second countable if it has a countable topological basis.

A sentential variable, also called a propositional variable, that can be substituted for in arbitrary sentential formulas (Carnap 1958, p. 24).

A topological space having a countable dense subset. An example is the Euclidean space R^n with the Euclidean topology, since it has the rational lattice Q^n as a countable ...

An graph edge of a graph is separating if a path from a point A to a point B must pass over it. Separating graph edges can therefore be viewed as either bridges or dead ends.

If a line L is the Simson line of a point P on the circumcircle of a triangle, then P is called the pole of L (Honsberger 1995, p. 128).

The 6-polyiamond illustrated above, named for its resemblance to the Great Sphinx of Egypt.