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The mathematical study of how given quantities can be approximated by other (usually simpler) ones under appropriate conditions. Approximation theory also studies the size ...

The arithmetic-geometric index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its arithmetic-geometric matrix.

Take K a number field and L an Abelian extension, then form a prime divisor m that is divided by all ramified primes of the extension L/K. Now define a map phi_(L/K) from the ...

A path constructed by repeatedly finding a path of positive capacity from a source to a sink and then adding it to the flow (Skiena 1990, p. 237). An augmenting path for a ...

A k-automatic set is a set of integers whose base-k representations form a regular language, i.e., a language accepted by a finite automaton or state machine. If bases a and ...

The axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory which asserts that sets formed by the same elements are equal, forall x(x in a=x in b)=>a=b. Note that some texts (e.g., Devlin ...

One of the Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms which asserts the existence for any set a of the power set x consisting of all the subsets of a. The axiom may be stated symbolically as ...

The axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory which asserts the existence for any sets a and b of a set x having a and b as its only elements. x is called the unordered pair of a ...

A method of solving combinatorial problems by means of an algorithm which is allowed to run forward until a dead end is reached, at which point previous steps are retraced ...

The base manifold in a bundle is analogous to the domain for a set of functions. In fact, a bundle, by definition, comes with a map to the base manifold, often called pi or ...