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A typesetting symbol which has several distinct meanings in mathematics. It is used for a number of purposes. 1. To denote Boundaries between elements in a list, as in ...

The catacaustic of one arch of a cycloid given parametrically as x = t-sint (1) y = 1-cost (2) is a complicated expression for an arbitrary radiant point. For the case of the ...

A plane parallel to two (or more) skew lines, also called a director plane. The orientation of a director is fixed, but it is specified uniquely only if a point lying on it ...

A proof of a formula on limits based on the epsilon-delta definition. An example is the following proof that every linear function f(x)=ax+b (a,b in R,a!=0) is continuous at ...

A G-space is a special type of T1-Space. Consider a point x and a homeomorphism of an open neighborhood V of x onto an open set of R^n. Then a space is a G-space if, for any ...

Given a source S and a curve gamma, pick a point on gamma and find its tangent T. Then the locus of reflections of S about tangents T is the orthotomic curve (also known as ...

A result in control theory. Define H(psi,x,u)=(psi,f(x,u))=sum_(a=0)^npsi_af^a(x,u). Then in order for a control u(t) and a trajectory x(t) to be optimal, it is necessary ...

Given a rectangle BCDE, draw EF=DE on an extension of BE. Bisect BF and call the midpoint G. Now draw a semicircle centered at G, and construct the extension of ED which ...

Consider (1) If the probability distribution is governed by a Markov process, then P_3(y_1,t_1;y_2,t_2|y_3,t_3) = P_2(y_2,t_2|y_3,t_3) (2) = P_2(y_2|y_3,t_3-t_2). (3) ...

A symplectic form on a smooth manifold M is a smooth closed 2-form omega on M which is nondegenerate such that at every point m, the alternating bilinear form omega_m on the ...