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The spherical curve taken by a ship which travels from the south pole to the north pole of a sphere while keeping a fixed (but not right) angle with respect to the meridians. ...

One or both of the square bracket symbols [ and ] are used in many different contexts in mathematics. 1. Square brackets are occasionally used in especially complex ...

There are at least two distinct notions of when a point process is stationary. The most commonly utilized terminology is as follows: Intuitively, a point process X defined on ...

An intrinsic property of a mathematical object which causes it to remain invariant under certain classes of transformations (such as rotation, reflection, inversion, or more ...

Ramanujan's Dirichlet L-series is defined as f(s)=sum_(n=1)^infty(tau(n))/(n^s), (1) where tau(n) is the tau function. Note that the notation F(s) is sometimes used instead ...

Thomae's theorem, also called Thomae's transformation, is the generalized hypergeometric function identity (1) where Gamma(z) is the gamma function, _3F_2(a,b,c;e,f;z) is a ...

The von Staudt-Clausen theorem, sometimes also known as the Staudt-Clausen theorem (Carlitz 1968), states that B_(2n)=A_n-sum_(p_k; (p_k-1)|2n)1/(p_k), (1) where B_(2n) is a ...

The Fields Medals are commonly regarded as mathematics' closest analog to the Nobel Prize (which does not exist in mathematics), and are awarded every four years by the ...

The generalized hypergeometric function is given by a hypergeometric series, i.e., a series for which the ratio of successive terms can be written ...

The generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method (Saad and Schultz 1986) is an extension of the minimal residual method (MINRES), which is only applicable to symmetric ...