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The Montgomery-Odlyzko law (which is a law in the sense of empirical observation instead of through mathematical proof) states that the distribution of the spacing between ...

Montgomery's pair correlation conjecture, published in 1973, asserts that the two-point correlation function R_2(r) for the zeros of the Riemann zeta function zeta(z) on the ...

A proof which indirectly shows a mathematical object exists without providing a specific example or algorithm for producing an example. Nonconstructive proofs are also called ...

Nonparametric estimation is a statistical method that allows the functional form of a fit to data to be obtained in the absence of any guidance or constraints from theory. As ...

The party problem, also known as the maximum clique problem, asks to find the minimum number of guests that must be invited so that at least m will know each other or at ...

The pathwidth of a graph G, also called the interval thickness, vertex separation number, and node searching number, is one less than the size of the largest set in a path ...

Given an integer e>=2, the Payam number E_+/-(e) is the smallest positive odd integer k such that for every positive integer n, the number k·2^n+/-1 is not divisible by any ...

Pickover's sequence gives the starting positions in the decimal expansion of pi (ignoring the leading 3) in which the first n digits of e occur (counting the leading 2). So, ...

Qubic is a generalization of tic-tac-toe in which players alternately place pieces to get four in a row (rows, columns, pillars, face diagonals, or space diagonals) on a ...

Hoffman (1998, p. 90) calls the sum of the exponents in the prime factorization of a number its roundness. The first few values for n=1, 2, ... are 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, ...