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The central point (r=0) in polar coordinates, or the point with all zero coordinates (0, ..., 0) in Cartesian coordinates. In three dimensions, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis ...

Spherical coordinates, also called spherical polar coordinates (Walton 1967, Arfken 1985), are a system of curvilinear coordinates that are natural for describing positions ...

By the definition of the functions of trigonometry, the sine of pi is equal to the y-coordinate of the point with polar coordinates (r,theta)=(1,pi), giving sinpi=0. ...

By the definition of the functions of trigonometry, the sine of pi/2 is equal to the y-coordinate of the point with polar coordinates (r,theta)=(1,pi/2), giving sin(pi/2)=1. ...

A typical vector (i.e., a vector such as the radius vector r) is transformed to its negative under inversion of its coordinate axes. Such "proper" vectors are known as polar ...

A projective correlation of period two. In a polarity, a is called the polar of A, and A the inversion pole a.

A curve and its polar reciprocal with regard to the fixed conic have the same Halphen transformation.

A curve also known as swan-like curve or streamline. It is given by the polar equation r=atheta+b, where a>0.

Poinsot's spirals are the two polar curves with equations r = acsch(ntheta) (1) r = asech(ntheta). (2)

Cylindrical coordinates are a generalization of two-dimensional polar coordinates to three dimensions by superposing a height (z) axis. Unfortunately, there are a number of ...