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A function H that maps an arbitrary length message M to a fixed length message digest MD is a collision-free hash function if 1. It is a one-way hash function. 2. It is hard ...

The degree to which a given quantity is correct and free from error. For example, a quantity specified as 100+/-1 has an (absolute) accuracy of +/-1 (meaning its true value ...

A transformation consisting of rotations and translations which leaves a given arrangement unchanged.

A semigroup with a noncommutative product in which no product can ever be expressed more simply in terms of other elements.

An occurrence of a variable in a logic formula which is not inside the scope of a quantifier.

The system of partial differential equations describing fluid flow in the absence of viscosity, given by (partialu)/(partialt)+u·del u=-(del P)/rho, where u is the fluid ...

Given a simple harmonic oscillator with a quadratic perturbation, write the perturbation term in the form alphaepsilonx^2, x^..+omega_0^2x-alphaepsilonx^2=0, (1) find the ...

An interval into which a given data point does or does not fall.

A set having the largest number k of distinct residue classes modulo m so that no subset has zero sum.

Functions which have derivatives of all orders at all points and which, together with their derivatives, fall off at least as rapidly as |x|^(-n) as |x|->infty, no matter how ...