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The Harary index of a graph G on n vertices was defined by Plavšić et al. (1993) as H(G)=1/2sum_(i=1)^nsum_(j=1)^n(RD)_(ij), (1) where (RD)_(ij)={D_(ij)^(-1) if i!=j; 0 if ...

As proposed by Hosoya (1971), the Hosoya index (also called Z-index) of a graph is defined by Z = sum_(k=0)^(n)|a_k| (1) = sum_(k=0)^(n)b_k, (2) where n is the number of ...

An independent vertex set of a graph G is a subset of the vertices such that no two vertices in the subset represent an edge of G. The figure above shows independent sets ...

Let x=[a_0;a_1,...]=a_0+1/(a_1+1/(a_2+1/(a_3+...))) (1) be the simple continued fraction of a "generic" real number x, where the numbers a_i are the partial denominator. ...

The term Mandelbrot set is used to refer both to a general class of fractal sets and to a particular instance of such a set. In general, a Mandelbrot set marks the set of ...

A polynomial is a mathematical expression involving a sum of powers in one or more variables multiplied by coefficients. A polynomial in one variable (i.e., a univariate ...

A run is a sequence of more than one consecutive identical outcomes, also known as a clump. Let R_p(r,n) be the probability that a run of r or more consecutive heads appears ...

A number is said to be squarefree (or sometimes quadratfrei; Shanks 1993) if its prime decomposition contains no repeated factors. All primes are therefore trivially ...

The Wiener index W, denoted w (Wiener 1947) and also known as the "path number" or Wiener number (Plavšić et al. 1993), is a graph index defined for a graph on n nodes by ...

The Wiener sum index WS is a graph index defined for a graph on n nodes by WS=1/2sum_(i=1)^nsum_(j=1)^n((d)_(ij))/((Omega)_(ij)), where (d)_(ij) is the graph distance matrix ...