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A general concept in category theory involving the globalization of topological or differential structures. The term derives from the Greek omicronlambdaomicronsigma (holos) ...

The term Euclidean refers to everything that can historically or logically be referred to Euclid's monumental treatise The Thirteen Books of the Elements, written around the ...

Likelihood is the hypothetical probability that an event that has already occurred would yield a specific outcome. The concept differs from that of a probability in that a ...

A null hypothesis is a statistical hypothesis that is tested for possible rejection under the assumption that it is true (usually that observations are the result of chance). ...

A pair of zips, each zip being half a zipper, which can be zippered up to close a surface along a curve. The concept of a zip-pair can be extremely useful in topological ...

An algebraic group is a variety (or scheme) endowed with a group structure such that the group operations are morphisms of varieties (or schemes). The concept is similar to ...

In December 1920, M. Schönfinkel presented in a report to the Mathematical Society in Göttingen a new type of formal logic based on the concept of a generalized function ...

The complexity of a process or algorithm is a measure of how difficult it is to perform. The study of the complexity of algorithms is known as complexity theory. In general, ...

There are several commonly used methods of defining the slippery, but extremely important, concept of a continuous function (which, depending on context, may also be called a ...

Does there exist an algorithm for deciding whether or not a specific mathematical assertion does or does not have a proof? The decision problem is also known as the ...