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A type of compact surface studied by German mathematician Otto Zoll following an idea of Darboux. It is characterized by the property that all its geodesics are closed and of ...

The subset B of the Euclidean plane formed by the union of the interval [0,1] of the x-axis and all line segments of unit length passing through the origin which form an ...

The distance polynomial is the characteristic polynomial of the graph distance matrix. The following table summarizes distance polynomials for some common classes of graphs. ...

Euler conjectured that there do not exist Euler squares of order n=4k+2 for k=1, 2, .... In fact, MacNeish (1921-1922) published a purported proof of this conjecture (Bruck ...

The sequence of numbers {j_n} giving the number of digits in the three-fold power tower n^(n^n). The values of n^(n^n) for n=1, 2, ... are 1, 16, 7625597484987, ... (OEIS ...

A function is said to be modular (or "elliptic modular") if it satisfies: 1. f is meromorphic in the upper half-plane H, 2. f(Atau)=f(tau) for every matrix A in the modular ...

The topology on the Cartesian product X×Y of two topological spaces whose open sets are the unions of subsets A×B, where A and B are open subsets of X and Y, respectively. ...

Serre's problem, also called Serre's conjecture, asserts that the implication "free module ==> projective module" can be reversed for every module over the polynomial ring ...

A transformation T (a.k.a., map, function) over a domain D takes the elements X in D to elements Y in T(D), where the range (a.k.a., image) of T is defined as ...

Ergodic theory can be described as the statistical and qualitative behavior of measurable group and semigroup actions on measure spaces. The group is most commonly N, R, R-+, ...