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The Mills ratio is defined as m(x) = 1/(h(x)) (1) = (S(x))/(P(x)) (2) = (1-D(x))/(P(x)), (3) where h(x) is the hazard function, S(x) is the survival function, P(x) is the ...

Given a set of ordered quantities, a list of the fractions of values at or below each quantity is know as a plotting position. A quantile-quantile plot compares observed ...

An integer N which is a product of distinct primes and which satisfies 1/N+sum_(p|N)1/p=1 (Butske et al. 1999). The first few are 2, 6, 42, 1806, 47058, ... (OEIS A054377). ...

A quotient of two polynomials P(z) and Q(z), R(z)=(P(z))/(Q(z)), is called a rational function, or sometimes a rational polynomial function. More generally, if P and Q are ...

The Riemann sphere, also called the extended complex plane, is a one-dimensional complex manifold C^* (C-star) which is the one-point compactification of the complex numbers ...

A Stoneham number is a number alpha_(b,c) of the form alpha_(b,c)=sum_(k=1)^infty1/(b^(c^k)c^k), where b,c>1 are relatively prime positive integers. Stoneham (1973) proved ...

Wolfram's iteration is an algorithm for computing the square root of a rational number 1<=r<4 using properties of the binary representation of r. The algorithm begins with ...

erf(z) is the "error function" encountered in integrating the normal distribution (which is a normalized form of the Gaussian function). It is an entire function defined by ...

A mechanical counting device consisting of a frame holding a series of parallel rods on each of which beads are strung. Each bead represents a counting unit, and each rod a ...

The Akhmim wooden tablet, often called the Cairo wooden tablet, is a document dating to 2000 BC, near the beginning of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom. It is housed in the Egypt ...