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Small Triambic Icosahedron


U30Dual

The small triambic icosahedron is the dual polyhedron of the small ditrigonal icosidodecahedron with Maeder index 30 (Maeder 1997), Weinninger index 70 (Wenninger 1971, p. 106-107), Coxeter index 39 (Coxeter et al. 1954), and Har'El index 35 (Har'El 1993). Note that while Wenninger (1989, p. 49) calls this solid the triakis octahedron, this term more commonly used for the dual of one of the Archimedean solids.

The small triambic icosahedron is implemented in the Wolfram Language as PolyhedronData["SmallTriambicIcosahedron"].

SmallTriambicIcosahedronAndDual

It is illustrated above together with its dual.

SmallTriambicIcosahedronPolygon

The small triambic icosahedron consists of 20 equilateral irregular hexagons with alternating angles

theta_1=cos^(-1)(-1/4)
(1)
=104.477512... degrees
(2)
theta_2=cos^(-1)(1/4)+pi/3
(3)
=cos^(-1)((1-3sqrt(5))/8)
(4)
=135.522487... degrees.
(5)

It has Dehn invariant

D=120<3>_2
(6)
=120sin^(-1)(sqrt(2/3)),
(7)

where the first expression uses the basis of Conway et al. (1999).

The convex hull of the small ditrigonal icosidodecahedron is a regular dodecahedron whose dual is the icosahedron, so the dual of the small ditrigonal icosidodecahedron (i.e., the small triambic icosahedron) is one of the icosahedron stellations (Wenninger 1983, p. 42). In fact, it is the second icosahedron stellation in the enumeration of Maeder (1994).

RhombicTriacontahedralGraph

Its skeleton is the rhombic triacontahedral graph.

Small triambic icosahedron vertex groups

The hull of the small triambic icosahedron can be constructed by augmentation of a unit edge-length icosahedron by a pyramid with height sqrt(15)/15, giving a solid with edge lengths sqrt(2/5) and 1.

The small triambic icosahedron hull has 32 vertices, 90 edges, and 70 faces. Its vertices are arranged in two concentric groups of 12 (indicated in red in the above illustration) and 20 (blue).

Polyhedra determined by vertex groups

For a small triambic icosahedron hull with edge lengths

s_1=a
(8)
s_2=sqrt(5/2)a,
(9)

the vertices determine a regular icosahedron and regular dodecahedron with circumradii

R_(20)=1/2sqrt(1/2(5+sqrt(5)))a
(10)
R_(12)=1/2sqrt(3/(10)(7+3sqrt(5)))a,
(11)

respectively.

The solid in the right figure is the dodecahedron-small triambic icosahedron compound.

The surface area and volume of the small triambic icosahedron hull are

S=3sqrt(15)a^2
(12)
V=1/4(5+3sqrt(5))a^3.
(13)

The solid small triambic icosahedron has moment of inertia tensor

 I=[1/(300)(53+19sqrt(5))Ma^2 0 0; 0 1/(300)(53+19sqrt(5))Ma^2 0; 0 0 1/(300)(53+19sqrt(5))Ma^2]
(14)

for uniform density solid of mass M.


See also

Dodecahedron-Small Triambic Icosahedron Compound, Dual Polyhedron, Echidnahedron, Great Triakis Octahedron, Icosahedron Stellations, Small Ditrigonal Icosidodecahedron, Small Triakis Octahedron, Triakis Icosahedron,

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References

Conway, J. H.; Radin, C.; and Sadun, L. "On Angles Whose Squared Trigonometric Functions Are Rational." Discr. Computat. Geom. 22, 321-332, 1999.Coxeter, H. S. M.; Longuet-Higgins, M. S.; and Miller, J. C. P. "Uniform Polyhedra." Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 246, 401-450, 1954.Har'El, Z. "Uniform Solution for Uniform Polyhedra." Geom. Dedicata 47, 57-110, 1993. http://www.math.technion.ac.il/~rl/docs/uniform.pdf. Maeder, R. E. "The Stellated Icosahedra." Mathematica in Education 3, 5-11, 1994. http://library.wolfram.com/infocenter/Articles/2519/.Maeder, R. E. "30: Small Ditrigonal Icosidodecahedron." 1997. https://www.mathconsult.ch/static/unipoly/30.html.Wenninger, M. J. Dual Models. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 42 and 46-47 1983.Wenninger, M. J. Polyhedron Models. New York: Cambridge University Press, p. 46, 1989.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Small Triambic Icosahedron." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SmallTriambicIcosahedron.html

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