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A multiplication * is said to be right distributive if (x+y)z=xz+yz for every x, y, and z. Similarly, it is said to be left distributive if z(x+y)=zx+zy for every x, y, and ...

Let A and B be two classes of positive integers. Let A(n) be the number of integers in A which are less than or equal to n, and let B(n) be the number of integers in B which ...

If there exists an A, this is written exists A. Similarly, "A does not exist" is written notexists A. exists is one of the two mathematical objects known as quantifiers. The ...

sum_(n=0)^(N-1)e^(inx) = (1-e^(iNx))/(1-e^(ix)) (1) = (-e^(iNx/2)(e^(-iNx/2)-e^(iNx/2)))/(-e^(ix/2)(e^(-ix/2)-e^(ix/2))) (2) = (sin(1/2Nx))/(sin(1/2x))e^(ix(N-1)/2), (3) ...

A formula satisfied by all Hamiltonian cycles with n nodes. Let f_j be the number of regions inside the circuit with j sides, and let g_j be the number of regions outside the ...

Two curves phi and psi satisfying phi+psi=0 are said to be linearly dependent. Similarly, n curves phi_i, i=1, ..., n are said to be linearly dependent if sum_(i=1)^nphi_i=0.

For all integers n and |x|<a, lambda_n^((t))(x+a)=sum_(k=0)^infty|_n; k]lambda_(n-k)^((t))(a)x^k, where lambda_n^((t)) is the harmonic logarithm and |_n; k] is a Roman ...

The lower matching number of a graph is the minimum size of a maximal independent edge set. The (upper) matching number may be similarly defined as the largest size of an ...

A plane coordinate system whose axes are not perpendicular. The x-coordinate of a point P is the abscissa of its projection onto the x-axis in the direction of the y-axis, ...

The radian is a unit of angular measure defined such that an angle of one radian subtended from the center of a unit circle produces an arc with arc length 1. A full angle is ...