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Mastermind is a simple two-player code-breaking board game invented in 1970 by Mordecai Meirowitz, an Israeli postmaster and telecommunications expert. It may have been ...

A number having 666 digits (where 666 is the beast number) is called an apocalypse number. The Fibonacci number F_(3184) is the smallest Fibonacci apocalypse number (Livio ...

A class of curve defined at integer values which hops from one value to another. Their name derives from the Greek word betaalphataurhoalphachiiotaomicronnu batrachion, which ...

A number which can be computed to any number of digits desired by a Turing machine. Surprisingly, most irrationals are not computable numbers!

A sphere with a single cross-cap. This term is more appropriate in purely topological applications than the more common term real projective plane, which implies the presence ...

A version of the liar's paradox, attributed to the philosopher Epimenides in the sixth century BC. "All Cretans are liars... One of their own poets has said so." This is not ...

The exponent laws, also called the laws of indices (Higgens 1998) or power rules (Derbyshire 2004, p. 65), are the rules governing the combination of exponents (powers). The ...

A factorion is an integer which is equal to the sum of factorials of its digits. There are exactly four such numbers: 1 = 1! (1) 2 = 2! (2) 145 = 1!+4!+5! (3) 40585 = ...

Gödel's second incompleteness theorem states no consistent axiomatic system which includes Peano arithmetic can prove its own consistency. Stated more colloquially, any ...

Sequences of integers generated in the Collatz problem. For example, for a starting number of 7, the sequence is 7, 22, 11, 34, 17, 52, 26, 13, 40, 20, 10, 5, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, ...