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The Einstein field equations are the 16 coupled hyperbolic-elliptic nonlinear partial differential equations that describe the gravitational effects produced by a given mass ...

A map f:R^n|->R which assigns each x a scalar function f(x).

Maxwell's equations are the system of partial differential equations describing classical electromagnetism and therefore of central importance in physics. In the so-called ...

An extremely fast factorization method developed by Pollard which was used to factor the RSA-130 number. This method is the most powerful known for factoring general numbers, ...

The divergence of a vector field F, denoted div(F) or del ·F (the notation used in this work), is defined by a limit of the surface integral del ·F=lim_(V->0)(∮_SF·da)/V (1) ...

The curl of a vector field, denoted curl(F) or del xF (the notation used in this work), is defined as the vector field having magnitude equal to the maximum "circulation" at ...

If a subset S of the elements of a field F satisfies the field axioms with the same operations of F, then S is called a subfield of F. In a finite field of field order p^n, ...

An extension field of a field F that is not algebraic over F, i.e., an extension field that has at least one element that is transcendental over F. For example, the field of ...

A finite division algebra is a field.

The field of complex numbers, denoted C.