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A sphere which acts as a model of a spherical (or ellipsoidal) celestial body, especially the Earth, and on which the outlines of continents, oceans, etc. are drawn.

The north pole is the point on a sphere with maximum z-coordinate for a given coordinate system. For a rotating sphere like the Earth, the natural coordinate system is ...

Sphere line picking is the selection of pairs of points corresponding to vertices of a line segment with endpoints on the surface of a sphere. n random line segments can be ...

The center of any sphere which has a contact of (at least) first-order with a curve C at a point P lies in the normal plane to C at P. The center of any sphere which has a ...

The double sphere is the degenerate quartic surface (x^2+y^2+z^2-r^2)^2=0 obtained by squaring the left-hand side of the equation of a usual sphere x^2+y^2+z^2-r^2=0.

The n-hypersphere (often simply called the n-sphere) is a generalization of the circle (called by geometers the 2-sphere) and usual sphere (called by geometers the 3-sphere) ...

Sphere tetrahedron picking is the selection of quadruples of of points corresponding to vertices of a tetrahedron with vertices on the surface of a sphere. n random ...

The kissing number of a sphere is 12. This led Fejes Tóth (1943) to conjecture that in any unit sphere packing, the volume of any Voronoi cell around any sphere is at least ...

A line of constant longitude on a spheroid (or sphere). More generally, a meridian of a surface of revolution is the intersection of the surface with a plane containing the ...

The distance from the center of a circle to its perimeter, or from the center of a sphere to its surface. The radius is equal to half the diameter.