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The reciprocal differences are closely related to the divided difference. The first few are explicitly given by rho(x_0,x_1)=(x_0-x_1)/(f_0-f_1) (1) ...

Eternity is a puzzle devised by Christopher Monckton and consisting of 209 pieces, each of which is a 12-polydrafter (i.e., a compound of 30-60-90 triangles). The puzzle was ...

The Kronecker-Weber theorem, sometimes known as the Kronecker-Weber-Hilbert theorem, is one of the earliest known results in class field theory. In layman's terms, the ...

A problem is assigned to the NP (nondeterministic polynomial time) class if it is solvable in polynomial time by a nondeterministic Turing machine. A P-problem (whose ...

An official chessboard is an 8×8 board containing squares alternating in color between olive green and buff (where "buff" is a color variously defined as a moderate orange ...

A set of 15 open problems on Schrödinger operators proposed by mathematical physicist Barry Simon (2000). This set of problems follows up a 1984 list of open problems in ...

A problem is an exercise whose solution is desired. Mathematical "problems" may therefore range from simple puzzles to examination and contest problems to propositions whose ...

An Abelian semigroup is a set whose elements are related by a binary operation (such as addition, rotation, etc.) that is closed, associative, and commutative. A mathematical ...

The set theory symbol aleph_0 refers to a set having the same cardinal number as the "small" infinite set of integers. The symbol aleph_0 is often pronounced "aleph-null" ...

A plane tiling is said to be isohedral if the symmetry group of the tiling acts transitively on the tiles, and n-isohedral if the tiles fall into n orbits under the action of ...