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The compositeness test consisting of the application of Fermat's little theorem.

A statistic defined to improve the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in the tails.

The probability that a statistical test will be positive for a true statistic.

The probability that a statistical test will be negative for a negative statistic.

The Mann-Whitney test statistic is equivalent to the Wilcoxon test statistic (van der Waerden 1969).

The Wilcoxon test statistic is equivalent to the T_+ statistic in the Wilcoxon signed rank test (Kanji 1999).

The composite number problem asks if for a given positive integer N there exist positive integers m and n such that N=mn. The complexity of the composite number problem was ...

Given a series of positive terms u_i and a sequence of finite positive constants a_i, let rho=lim_(n->infty)(a_n(u_n)/(u_(n+1))-a_(n+1)). 1. If rho>0, the series converges. ...

A set of methods that are generally superior to ANOVA for small data sets or where sample distributions are non-normal.

An alpha value is a number 0<=alpha<=1 such that P(z>=z_(observed))<=alpha is considered "significant," where P is a P-value.