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In identical experiments, an Allais paradox occurs when the addition of an independent event influences choice behavior. Consider the choices in the following table (Kahneman ...

Binet's formula is an equation which gives the nth Fibonacci number as a difference of positive and negative nth powers of the golden ratio phi. It can be written as F_n = ...

The roulette traced by a point P attached to a circle of radius b rolling around the outside of a fixed circle of radius a. These curves were studied by Dürer (1525), ...

The ratio C of the largest to smallest singular value in the singular value decomposition of a matrix. The base-b logarithm of C is an estimate of how many base-b digits are ...

Levy (1963) noted that 13 = 3+(2×5) (1) 19 = 5+(2×7), (2) and from this observation, conjectured that all odd numbers >=7 are the sum of a prime plus twice a prime. This ...

In its simplest form, the principle of permanence states that, given any analytic function f(z) defined on an open (and connected) set U of the complex numbers C, and a ...

In order to find a root of a polynomial equation a_0x^n+a_1x^(n-1)+...+a_n=0, (1) consider the difference equation a_0y(t+n)+a_1y(t+n-1)+...+a_ny(t)=0, (2) which is known to ...

Let |A| denote the cardinal number of set A, then it follows immediately that |A union B|=|A|+|B|-|A intersection B|, (1) where union denotes union, and intersection denotes ...

The Nevanlinna Prize is awarded by the International Mathematical Union to outstanding contributors to the mathematical aspects of information science. The International ...

A Keith number is an n-digit integer N>9 such that if a Fibonacci-like sequence (in which each term in the sequence is the sum of the n previous terms) is formed with the ...