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Scientific notation is the expression of a number n in the form a×10^p, where p=|_log_(10)|n|_| (1) is the floor of the base-10 logarithm of n (the "order of magnitude"), and ...

A number x is said to have "n figures" if it takes n digits to express it. The number of figures is therefore equal to one more than the power of 10 in the scientific ...

Engineering notation is a version of scientific notation in which the exponent p in expressions of the form a×10^p is chosen to always be divisible by 3. Numbers of forms ...

A fallacy is an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning. The great Greek geometer Euclid wrote an entire book on geometric ...

An object created by folding a piece of paper along certain lines to form loops. The number of states possible in an n-flexagon is a Catalan number. By manipulating the ...

A flexagon made by folding a strip into adjacent equilateral triangles. The number of states possible in a hexaflexagon is the Catalan number C_5=42.

A notation is a set of well-defined rules for representing quantities and operations with symbols.

In the 1930s, Reidemeister first rigorously proved that knots exist which are distinct from the unknot. He did this by showing that all knot deformations can be reduced to a ...

A flexagon made with square faces. Gardner (1961) shows how to construct a tri-tetraflexagon, tetra-tetraflexagon, and hexa-tetraflexagon.

A statistic defined to improve the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in the tail of a distribution.