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A matrix is a concise and useful way of uniquely representing and working with linear transformations. In particular, for every linear transformation, there exists exactly one corresponding matrix, and every matrix corresponds to a unique linear transformation. The matrix is an extremely important concept in linear algebra.

Matrix is a high school-level concept that would be first encountered in a linear algebra course. It is listed in the California State Standards for Linear Algebra.

Examples

Rotation Matrix: A rotation matrix is a matrix that corresponds to the linear transformation of a rotation.

Prerequisites

Linear Algebra: Linear algebra is study of linear systems of equations and their transformation properties.
Linear Transformation: A function from one vector space to another. If bases are chosen for the vector spaces, a linear transformation can be given by a matrix.
Vector: (1) In vector algebra, a vector mathematical entity that has both magnitude (which can be zero) and direction. (2) In topology, a vector is an element of a vector space.
Vector Space: A vector space is a set that is closed under finite vector addition and scalar multiplication. The basic example is n-dimensional Euclidean space.

Classroom Articles on Linear Algebra (Up to High School Level)

  • Matrix Inverse
  • Matrix Multiplication