(1)
|
where is the radius vector and is the derivative with respect to time. Expressed in terms of the arc length,
(2)
|
where is the unit tangent vector, so the speed (which is the magnitude of the velocity) is
(3)
|
(1)
|
where is the radius vector and is the derivative with respect to time. Expressed in terms of the arc length,
(2)
|
where is the unit tangent vector, so the speed (which is the magnitude of the velocity) is
(3)
|
Weisstein, Eric W. "Velocity." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Velocity.html