The atom-spiral, also known as the atomic spiral, is the curve with polar equation
 |
for a real parameter 
(van Maldeghem 2002).
When 
is allows to vary over positive and
negative values (excluding 
),
curves like the ones illustrated above, shown for a variety of parameters 
, result.
When 
is allows to vary over angles 
, curves like teh above are
obtained.
